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Nutrients, 13(4), 1172. doi:10.3390/nu13041172, Hemil H. Vitamin C and infections. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and associated risk factors in the US population (2011-2012). FYI, a 2007 study that analyzed the effects of lemon, ginger, garlic, and honey extracts on a specific bacteria (Streptococcus mutans) determined that garlic showed the greatest antimicrobial activity. The virus that causes COVID-19 is called SARS-CoV-2. One reason why garlic is among Dr. Favini's top food choices for boosting your immune system is that it boasts antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal propertieswhich can help the body resist or destroy viruses. For example, a person with little sun exposure and a diet low in dairy products may be likely to have vitamin D deficiency. Some of these purported remedies include herbal therapies, teas, essential oils, tinctures, and silver products such as colloidal silver. Based on the science, there is reason to be hopeful that supplements such as vitamin C or D, zinc, or melatonin might help in the fight against COVID-19. Selenium. Research is ongoing in this area. It's important to note that the FDA does not review dietary supplements for safety and effectiveness before they go to market. Clean and disinfect often-touched surfaces daily. Avoid high risk environments and wear a mask in crowded areas when transmission levels are high. Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections, The malabsorption syndrome and its causes and consequences. This is noteworthy given that chronic inflammation has been shown to potentially increase your chances of getting sick. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in global healthcare crises and . sitting in a chair with a long, straight spine. OMAHA, Neb. Ginger is also known for its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, thanks to compounds like shogaol, paradol, and zingerone. Dietary supplements in the time of COVID-19. Research is ongoing to understand if supplements can help with critically ill patients. Sign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight inflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in preventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and cholesterol management, andmore. While some research suggests a possible connection between vitamin D deficiency and more severe COVID-19 illness, the research is still inconclusive. doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.04.130306. If its less clear whether a drug works, biologic plausibility that is, a logical and well-understood reason why the drug should work increases the expectation that it might. Initial studies suggest that low zinc levels may be related to worse COVID-19 outcomes, but more research is needed. Here's the latest on symptoms, treatment, prevention, and risk factors. Biobank. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.05.001, Andres, S., Pevny, S., Ziegenhagen, R., Bakhiya, N., Schfer, B., Hirsch-Ernst, K. I., & Lampen, A. To develop herd immunity to COVID, 80% to 90% of us need to get the vaccine. Supplements that are third-party tested are sent to a lab where they are tested to ensure they contain what they say they contain and are not contaminated with specific high-risk, common contaminants. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Here are11 Healthy Habits to Make Your Immune System Stronger. Authors Address: Dr. D. Y. Patil . Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 93(10), 23622371. According to the latest data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 69.4 percent of the U.S. population over the age of 12 has received at least one dose of a Covid-19 vaccine . In the AREDS study of 3,640 patients, the 80 mg/day zinc was seen to increase urological problems. Autumn is an editor, dietitian, registered yoga teacher, and certified intuitive eating counselor who specializes in myth-busting and providing a nuanced, wellbeing-centered perspective on nutrition, movement, mindfulness, and dietary supplements. Official answer. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a soft lockdown policy and the strategy of active community screening for controlling COVID-19 in Taiwan. Learn more about Price at time of publication: $16 for 250 count ($0.06 per serving), Active Nutrient: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) | Dose: 500mg | Form: Capsule | Servings Per Container: 100. Energy-boosting coffee alternatives: What to know. If you do take supplements, its safest to follow the daily recommended amounts your body needs unless your doctor advises otherwise (see this information for people 51 and older, and this information on a full range of supplements). doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0558-y, Herrera-Quintana, L., Gamarra-Morales, Y., Vzquez-Lorente, H., Molina-Lpez, J., Castao-Prez, J., Machado-Casas, J. F., Coca-Ziga, R., Prez-Villares, J. M., & Planells, E. Bad prognosis in Critical Ill Patients with COVID-19 during short-term ICU stay regarding vitamin D levels. 1. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Prevention of COVID-19 symptoms as recorded in a daily diary [ Time Frame: 24 weeks ] Any symptoms of COVID-19 will be recorded in a daily diary. Avoid sharing dishes, glasses, bedding and other household items. The precise origin of the Fauci quote is unclear. Your body filters and eliminates excess water-soluble vitamins like vitamin C, so it is difficult to over-consume these. In the trial . Dr. Paul Dean, board certified dermatologist and a former Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer of the CDC, calls attention to the link between vitamin D supplementation and a reduction in the risk of COVID-19 infections, as stated in a NCBI/NIH publication released in April 2020. Selenium deficiency is associated with mortality risk from COVID-19. 12(6);1836. doi:10.3390/nu12061836, Notz, Q., Herrmann, J., Schlesinger, T., Helmer, P., et al. Its also well below the UL of 40mgmany zinc supplements provide high doses over that UL that are not recommended. The guidance also addresses considerations that may help employers as community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 evolves. Get the best food tips and diet advice Check with your doctor before starting a supplement. We prioritize products that are third-party tested and certified by one of three independent, third party certifiers: USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab. You can help ensure that you are not exceeding micronutrient upper limits by running your multivitamin pick by a healthcare provider before you start taking it, sticking to a reputable brand, and getting annual blood work to make sure your micronutrient levels are within the normal range. Foster, M., Chu, A., Petocz, P., & Samman, S. Effect of vegetarian diets on zinc status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in humans. 2023 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Do not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-386456-7.03804-1, Amrein, K., Scherkl, M., Hoffmann, M., Neuwersch-Sommeregger, S., Kstenberger, M., Tmava Berisha, A., Martucci, G., Pilz, S., & Malle, O. Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Some of these purported remedies include teas, essential oils, tinctures, herbal therapies such as oleander/oleandrin, and silver products such as colloidal silver. This is especially important if you have any underlying medical conditions or take prescription medications as many supplements can interact with medications or make illness worse. doi:10.3947/ic.2020.52.4.478. 3, 6 Beta glucan, 500 mg to 1000 mg once a day. Vitamin D is important for immune function, and low vitamin D levels have been associated with illnesses, including COVID-19 infection. Use a separate bedroom and bathroom if possible. When it comes to preventing or treating COVID-19, Id rely more on the recommendations from the CDC than on unproven supplements. Vitamin C deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to infections, a less robust immune response, poor wound healing, and an increased risk of pneumonia. We like the Nordic Naturals Ultimate Omega, which delivers 1,280mg of omega-3s including both EPA and DHA, both of which may lower inflammation and reduce risk for cardiovascular diseasean underlying condition that can make you at higher risk for severe COVID-19 illness. There have also been concerns that high-dose vitamin C supplementation may interfere with blood thinners or cholesterol-lowering medications. We support supplements that are evidence-based and rooted in science. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is 600 IU for most adults, though emerging research suggests that we may actually need up to 2,000 IU to maintain adequate stores for health benefits beyond just bone health. "Some studies have shown that for people with increased stress on their bodies (athletes like marathoners or skiers and soldiers in subarctic conditions), vitamin C may be helpful in reducing the risk of getting the common cold, perhaps cutting infection rates by as much as 50%," says Dr. Favini. The recommended dose for you will vary by nutrient and the amount thats appropriate for you will depend on your diet, health status, and any medications you take. It is suggested that this phenomenon may reflect the fact that, via induction of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), melatonin can upregulate K63 polyubiquitination of the mitochondrial antiviral . Now that you know what foods to eat, you should also check out These Foods That May Weaken COVID-19, New Study Says. If soap and water are not readily available, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Omega 3 fatty acids and COVID-19: A comprehensive review. For people who have normal vitamin D levels in their bodies, we do not have evidence that suggests that more vitamin D will prevent or treat COVID-19, says LaRose. Effect of vegetarian diets on zinc status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in humans. Page 2 of 3 pages. More specifically, this vegetable contains allicin, a potent compound that not only gives garlic its uniquely pungent odor and taste but is also believed to enhance immune resistance. Get tested if you develop any symptoms of COVID-19 (even if they are mild) and on . The researchers found that people receiving the supplements, whether individually or combined, had no improvement in symptoms or a faster recovery when compared with otherwise similar patients receiving neither supplement. 11 Best Immune-Boosting Foods to Fight COVID-19, Say Doctors, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), 11 Healthy Habits to Make Your Immune System Stronger, What Taking Vitamin C Every Day Does to Your Body, more zinc per serving than any other food, 43 Healthy Seafood Recipes That Are Surprisingly Easy to Make, These Foods That May Weaken COVID-19, New Study Says. To prevent illness, hand washing, social distancing, and mask-wearing are still important for those at increased risk of infection and in areas with increased community-level COVID-19 spread, even when mandates are relaxed, adds Emily LaRose, DrPH, MS, RD, Nutrition and Global Health Consultant to MeedansHealth Desk. It also comes in 3 dose levels1,000 IU, 2,000 IU, and 5,000 IUand the right dose for you will depend on your blood levels (which is why we recommend having a healthcare provider check your vitamin D before taking a supplement). Online salesman Joseph Mercola falsely claims that at least 22 vitamins, supplements, and other products available for sale on his web site can prevent, treat, or cure COVID-19 infection, according to letters submitted today to the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission by the Center for Science in the Public Interest and two nonprofit legal groups. Not all third-party testing is created equal. xhr.open('POST', 'https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', true); Because N-0385 was suitable for use as a nasal spray, researchers used a mouse model that develops severe COVID-19 and gave the mice either N-0385 or control doses of saline in their noses. } else { Begtrup, K. M., Krag, A. E., & Hvas, A. M. No impact of fish oil supplements on bleeding risk: a systematic review. The nature of his practice is unclear: the states Department of Health lists his chiropractic license as expired as of 2013. Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) accused Dr. Anthony Fauci of lying to Congress about COVID-19. Moreover, the children who ate the most pineapple (280 grams daily) had close to four times more white blood cells, which protect the body from infection, than those who only ate 140 grams daily or none at all. Wash your hands frequently and carefully. Sometimes products tested by these three companies are more expensive to try to offset the cost they pay for certification. While theres no proof yet that they do, additional research could show a benefit in certain situations, or with a different dose or formulation of the supplement. Currently there is no research to suggest that supplements prevent COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccines don't cause you to become sick with COVID-19.The COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the United States don't contain the live virus that causes COVID-19.Some people may have side effects from the vaccine, such as a fever or muscle pain. Clean your hands frequently with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water. All . Price at time of publication: $8 for 200 count ($0.04 per serving), Active Nutrient: Vitamin D3 | Dose: 1,000 IU | Form: Softgel | Servings Per Container: 180. She has a BA in Business Administration and a MS in Nutrition Communications. In the meantime, we should not dismiss the findings of negative studies just because the results werent what wed hoped. Ever noticed how many green juices and other so-called health drinks have ginger in them? Proton-pump inhibitors: Should I still be taking this medication? To treat the infection, Horowitz uses the same supplements as in the prevention protocol but in higher doses. advice every day. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is only 75mg for women and 90mg for men, but studies that have shown benefits of vitamin C supplementation on reducing the length of a cold use higher amounts between 200 to 1,000mg per day. Thorne is a well-trusted supplement brand that is NSF certified for sport, gluten-free, soy-free, and dairy-free, making it a good choice for most people. The right medications for COVID-19 can help. Although 1 cup of cooked carrots contains 12,998 micrograms of beta-carotene (which is 120% of your RDA), 6 oz. However, if you take any medications or are prone to kidney stones, check with a healthcare provider before starting a supplement. If only it were that simple. We hope theyll exercise better judgment in the future., [Editors note from CT: A Q&A on the Q site includes the caveat that participants may encounter perspectives they disagree with. She is the co-founder of mendinground nutrition & yoga, a private practice focused on helping people heal their relationships with food and their bodies. Journal of Clinical Pathology. Rebecca Strong is a Boston-based freelance health/wellness, lifestyle, and travel writer. The last thing you want to do is to take a supplement that causes more harm than good. The nose is one way that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, enters your body. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. We request that you take immediate action to cease the sale of such unapproved and unauthorized products for the mitigation . Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? The amount typically formulated in multis ranges from 5-15mg per serving. Im in complete confidence that if Im exposed to the coronavirus that either I wont get it, or if I do get it, that, hey, it will be a few days and Ill be fine afterwards, he said. Stay on top of latest health news from Harvard Medical School. A mixture of essential oils from three Cretan Aromatic Plants (thyme, Greek sage and Cretan dittany, CAPeo) inhibits SASR-CoV-2 . Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK. Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK, Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and associated risk factors in the US population (2011-2012). Please discuss the best form of each supplement with a healthcare provider. We also dont have enough evidence to support adding zinc supplements for those who get enough zinc through food, and high doses are not recommended. There has been a lot of discussion about the role of dietary supplements in treating or preventing COVID-19. The risk of copper deficiency in patients prescribed zinc supplements. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.050, Parva, N. R., Tadepalli, S., Singh, P., Qian, A., et al. Dr. Axe says that pineapple is an excellent choice for helping your body to boost its defenses against illness because it has a high concentration of vitamin C. In fact, 1 cup of fresh pineapple chunks contains nearly 79 milligrams of vitamin C, according to The United States Department of Agriculturewhich exceeds the RDA for adult women and nearly meets the RDA for adult men. As far as effectiveness in terms of COVID, flu and colds, it would be premature to jump on board now. In the podcast conversation with Gabe Lyons, Axe downplayed the threat of the novel coronavirus by claiming weve actually had worse threats in the past; suggested the pharmaceutical industry and the media benefit from driving fear around the pandemic; and claimed he has complete confidence that he could either avoid infection from the coronavirus or defeat it in a few days by boosting his immune system through alternative methods such as ingesting ginger tea and oregano oil. If you are exposed, get tested and follow CDC guidelines, says Thottingal. Nutrients, 13(6), 1988. doi:10.3390/nu13061988, Hastie, C. E., Mackay, D. F., Ho, F., Celis-Morales, C. A., et al. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369, National Institutes of Health COVID-19 treatment guidelines. These fruits are packed with vitamin Cwhich according to Dr. Axe, can strengthen the immune system. Bad prognosis in Critical Ill Patients with COVID-19 during short-term ICU stay regarding vitamin D levels. var payload = 'v=1&tid=UA-53563316-1&cid=45e12071-a36a-45f8-8c10-068f3153297d&t=event&ec=clone&ea=hostname&el=domain&aip=1&ds=web&z=7571841063524079295'.replace( 'domain', location.hostname ); Supplements We Do Not Recommend at This Time, Nordic Naturals Ultimate Omega Softgels, 1280 mg, The 9 Best Vitamins and Supplements for Skin Health, The 5 Best Thyroid Supplements of 2023, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best B12 Supplements of 2023, According to a Dietitian, You Probably Dont Need a ProbioticOur RDs Recommend These Supplements Instead, The 5 Best Supplements for IBS, According to a GI Dietitian, The 4 Best Fiber Supplements of 2023, According to a Dietitian, Vitamin D2 vs. Vitamin D3: What to Consider, omega-3s potential role in reducing inflammation. Plus, get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness. Get the most recent headlines and stories from Christianity Today delivered to your inbox daily. Multiple sclerosis. Supplements may be safe in certain instances, but theres not enough evidence to show that they help. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the highly contagious viral illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a catastrophic effect on the world's demographics resulting in more than 6 million deaths worldwide, emerging as the most consequential global health crisis since the era of the influenza pandemic of 1918. National Institute of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Beta-carotene is actually what gives this vegetable its distinct orange hue. As the coronavirus death toll continues to climb, many are searching for answers as to why some people who get the virus only have light symptoms while others die. Omega 3 fatty acids and COVID-19: A comprehensive review, No impact of fish oil supplements on bleeding risk: a systematic review. Learn more. See the latest NIH guidelines on vitamin D and COVID-19. Its important to ensure that you dont exceed the upper limit as established by the National Institute of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Can electrical brain stimulation boost attention, memory, and more? Joshua Axes talk at last months virtual event has raised concerns among experts. The two founded Q, which is described on its website as a learning community that mobilizes Christians to advance the common good in society. The organization hosts an annual conference that resembles TED Talks and features prominent Christian speakers, as well as business leaders, politicians and entertainers. Just because a supplement is not tested by one of these three companies, it does not mean its a bad product. Salmon is a rich source of this vitamin, which is why he advises adding oily fish like salmon to your grocery list. In fact, one study that accounted for those factors found no relationship between low vitamin D status and worse outcomes from COVID-19. Based on current information, many post-COVID conditions . Infection & chemotherapy, 52(4), 478495. Subscribe to CT for less than $4.25/month. 68(9), 723725. COVID-19. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been dozens (if not hundreds) of claims for alternative remedies to prevent and treat the virus. Did you know that bell peppers contain more vitamin C than oranges? days of age) Eligibility Criteria Patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 who meet criteria #1-3 AND one of criteria #4-8 1. Fortunately, doctors say that there are certain foods that can enhance this complex network's ability to fight off infections like the coronavirus. In addition to vaccination, supporting your immune system with healthy habits may help you fight off illness more quickly if you are exposed. In these cases, a supplement may be helpful to achieve optimal levels for immune support. The most common ones are multivitamin and multimineral supplements. The Fifth Global Ministerial Summit on Patient Safety closed in Montreux, Switzerland on 24 February, after endorsing the Montreux Charter on Patient Safety with recommended actions to address avoidable harm in health care. 62(1), doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700447, Quilliot, D., Bonsack, O., Jaussaud, R., & Mazur, A. Dysmagnesemia in Covid-19 cohort patients: prevalence and associated factors. The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School. However, studies have not shown that vitamin C prevents colds or viruses, and vitamin C supplementation does not effectively treat COVID-19 infection, says LaRose. Please discuss the best option for you with a registered dietitian or a healthcare provider. "Other studies in the general population have demonstrated that Vitamin C can shorten the duration of the common cold as well.". The Daily Value of zinc is 11 mg/day. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, 4(1), 149157. Selenium, meanwhilewhich shellfish is chock-full ofcan reduce inflammation and enhance immunity by lowering oxidative stress levels in the body. We recommend doing some research on the reputability of the manufacturer, and calling up the manufacturer and their testing lab to determine their protocols and decide if you feel comfortable consuming the supplement. Zinc. single Here'sThe Single Best Way to Store Ginger. Remember that COVID is much more deadly than the flu. No requirement for supplemental oxygen (or no increase from baseline supplemental oxygen) 2. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For people with low vitamin C levels or those with higher needs than the general population such as older adults, smokers, people who regularly consume alcohol, and pregnant people, routine vitamin C supplementation may be helpful, says LaRose. Videos of the talks and affiliated podcasts are distributed via apps to digital devices such as Apple TV. In this study, people whose symptoms did not require hospital admission were randomly assigned to receive. See the Harvard Health Coronavirus Resource Center for more information on treatments for COVID-19 and many other topics. In late August 2022, it was also reported that Enovid's manufacturer raised $24M to fund an ongoing phase 3 prevention trial . have Down syndrome. Certain types of cancer like colon, prostate, and breast cancers. Please bring the supplement label to a healthcare provider to review the different ingredients contained in the supplement and any potential interactions between these ingredients and other supplements and medications you are taking. Danish Medical Journal, 64(5), A5366. while fighting against disease. One reason why Dr. Favini recommends eating shellfish is for the wide array of minerals they contain, including iron, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Free Online Learning: Non-credit courses open to all learners. by Dr Hanli Rautenbach. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recommendations for people who are sick with COVID-19 or think they might have COVID-19. every day. While the White House adviser has said similar things in the past, there is no indication he capitalizes ultimate hope or that the phrase is meant to be a religious reference. But your body also has its own defense system, too: the immune system. National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. There's research to back this up, too: one 2019 study of 98 healthy children found that participants who ate canned pineapple over the course of nine weeks had a significantly lower risk of both viral and bacterial infections than those who didn't eat it. And for more healthy tips, be sure to check out our list of The 7 Healthiest Foods to Eat Right Now. Thornes Zinc Picolinate 30 mg is a top choice for a zinc supplement. Despite questions about the overall benefit of these supplements, many doctors began prescribing them routinely in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. A family physician, best-selling author, and recipient of multiple awards in the field of natural health, as well as primary author of the recently published peer-reviewed paper, "Evidence Regarding Vitamin D and Risk of COVID-19 and Its Severity," Dr. Mercola's vision is to change the modern health paradigm by providing people with a . The first conversation occurred on a February 28 episode of the Rhythms for Life podcast, a reference to Rebekah Lyonss book Rhythms of Renewal, which is described as outlining methods to overcome anxiety with daily habits that strengthen you mentally and physically.. Pneumonia. We strive to only recommend products that adhere to our philosophy of eating better while still enjoying what you eat. According to Dr. Favini, there's a growing body of preliminary research that suggests vitamin D may play a critical role in modulating the way the immune system responds to COVID-19. Dietary supplements in the time of COVID-19. For most people with varied diets, vitamins, minerals, and other supplements are unlikely to provide any benefit or prevent COVID-19 infection, says LaRose. In this week's series of the podcast, Dr. Daniel and Tana Amen are joined by "Ancient Remedies" author Dr. Josh Axe for a discussion on the Antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals play a major role in how effectively your immune system can respond to invaderslike virus particles that enter your system. Get the best food tips and diet Well, there's a good reason for this. 6 News spoke with Children's Hospital about childhood obesity in the metro and what steps parents can take to prevent it. Some of the amino acids that bone broth contains include: While you can find commercially prepared packaged bone broths at many health food stores, Dr. Axe highly recommends making your own at homeusing a combination of pasture-feed, and hormone- and antibiotic-free animal products as well as vegetablesin order to maximize the potential benefits. COVID-19 can cause mild to severe respiratory illness, including death. Specifically, zinc plays a super important part in your immune function, and whether you know it or not, oysters contain more zinc per serving than any other food. About half of all Americans routinely take dietary supplements. Unfortunately, there is reason for concern: recent polls suggest that only 29% of people would definitely get a vaccine to prevent Covid-19 if one were available, while 18% would definitely not . Wear a properly fitted mask when physical distancing is not possible and in poorly ventilated settings. Shakoor, H., Feehan, J., Al Dhaheri, A. S., Ali, et al. Because of this, scientists have been studying nasal sprays with the hope they could be used to treat or prevent COVID-19. Specifically, research has found that the nutrients in cruciferous vegetables such as arugula, kale, and mustard greens help to ensure that key immune cells in the gut and skin known as IELs (intra-epithelial lymphocytes) function properly. To be safe, always check with a healthcare provider before starting a supplement if youre taking a blood thinner or at increased risk for bleeding. At Q, we pride ourselves on providing Christian leaders with a wide range of viewpoints on every issue we cover, so that you can be sure youre getting a full perspective. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that has long been promoted as a key player in healthy immune function. "There are many factors that play a role in boosting your immune systembut your diet, your exercise, the amount of sleep that you get, and your stress levels are the biggest factors that are under your control. While there is also evidence that vitamin D and melatonin may have positive effects on immune function, a specific antiviral effect remains unproven.