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Monobenzone occurs as a white, almost tasteless crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in water. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 This is seen at about a pH of 3.50 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and again at a pH of about 6.5 to about 7.0 with at least about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), are beneficial for improving rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. 2008-2023 ChemPoint. Most preferably, when both a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, are present, the color of the hydroquinone composition is stabilized in the neutral pH range, preferably for greater than about six months, more preferably for greater than about twelve months and most preferably for greater than about eighteen months. Phillip M. Hudnall "Hydroquinone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. I'd like the consistency to be thin like a gel so that it absorbs quicker. Forms of retinoids have been developed wherein the retinoid is protected by a protective system. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. D-170D Solubility of EASTMAN Hydroquinone and Derivatives Subject: Hydroquinone and hydroquinone derivatives listed in this publication are used as intermediates for manufacturing a variety of products and as polymerization inhibitors for vinyl monomers and unsaturated polyester resins. As utilized herein, the inhibition of the retinoid oxidation should be sufficient to prohibit browning of the composition for its shelf life, preferably greater than about six months, more preferably greater than about twelve months, and most preferably greater than about eighteen months. The method of item 1 07 wherein the hydroquinone is present in about 4%. I can't use water because I cannot dissolve enough Hydroquinone into it to reach the desired concentration. Stir until uniform. Then add it to the ingredients. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. It would be desirable to combine the pigmentation disorder treatment with this skin benefit ingredient in one composition. HMkA+"c>jZ^ho=81NW;]Ib;+i#iFArHpz). `9F6~qg3]0,#!V9Q> p=|h| Best Budget Hydroquinone Cream Ambi Skincare Fade Cream (56g/2oz) View on Amazon. Thank you for your inquiry and interest in ChemPoint. Eye Contact Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. Hydroquinone occurs in the environment as a result of anthropogenic processes, as well as in natural products from plants and animals. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. :hS-g"s2Sj Ij=x'V]gPV8tt~qkAVXi|u}5;#.pl-/4JFQ.EP3&F.qa2hI{N qBmG(z#n [GN.}aazN(~8kux9#tnYwIHFuxW v9UNj&ffNW_\\Tc""8=_"7wC>svwQy\^4gF H][QzmlOI(B@ U4[Xb0,|m0*D"/#$\u(QI)RYg\;8 Yjh I would like to add retinol and kojic acid to it as well. [21][25][23] NTP evaluation showed some evidence of long-term carcinogenic and genotoxic effects[26], While hydroquinone remains widely prescribed for treatment of hyperpigmentation, questions raised about its safety profile by regulatory agencies in the EU, Japan, and USA encourage the search for other agents with comparable efficacy. It is a reducmg agent that is reversibly oxidized to semiquinone and quinone. 0000008514 00000 n If you are already a ChemPoint customer then sign up for access to our online ordering website. 0000053439 00000 n 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations 10/31/2017 EN (English US) 6/8 12.3. The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9937 for one of these two equations for the binary studied systems where the solvent is either water or 1-octanol. While the hydroquinone is effective for the pigmentation disorder treatment, retinoid is used for its skin treatment benefits. 20grams ofhydroquinonein 20oz is liquid is 10%. Data 51, 127129 (2006), J. Lim, S. Jang, H. K. Cho, M. S. Shin, H. Kim, J. Chem. 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate protected at pH 6.0-7.0, 1.0-1.5% at pH 5.5-7.0, and 2.0-3.0% at pH 3.5-7.0. Found. Hydroquinone is a white, odorless, crystalline solid with an extremely low vapor pressure. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in 2017-02-16T10:10:56+01:00 If youre making your lotion. Color stability improvement is evident at all levels. Hydroquinone, 99.5%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals 5g, Glass Bottle Quantity: 5g 50g 250g 1kg 5kg Packaging: Glass Bottle Plastic Drum Plastic bottle Description This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. Eng. Hydroquinone Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed at 5C and 40C for certain percentages of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at specific pHs. The color stability of the hydroquinone composition is promoted by one or more antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. EP, Kind code of ref document: Chem. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. protecting the retinoids in a protective system; mixing the hydroquinone, and the protected retinoids; and. Stir until uniform. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5. This compound is gathered from the beaver's castor sacs.[35]. Other antioxidants, for example cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, and sodium ascorbyl phosphate, have not been utilized in combination with hydroquinone in view of the acidic pH, generally from about 3.4 to about 3.5, and the recommended pH range for magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is about 7.0 to 8.5. ChemPoint will not under any circumstances release personal user information to individuals or companies. HYPERPIGMENTARY STAIN ELIMINATING CREAM FOR FACE SKIN AND ITS USE. Table I shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white color with the addition of at least about 0.01% sodium metabisulfite at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and at least 0.05% sodium metabisulfite for pH about 6.0 to about 7.0. ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013, Ref document number: Without being limited to the mechanism of this discoloration, it is believed that the discoloration may be caused at least in part by oxidation of the hydroquinone. J. Pharm. 0000004433 00000 n 0000000807 00000 n The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. 76/768/EEC:1976 Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products: Organic Chemistry, Solomon and Fryhle, 10th edition, Wiley Publishing, 2010. 109. I did that by using 1 cup of cream, 4tbsp of hydroquinone and 4tbsp of water or solvent. 38, 565571 (2006), K. Carlsson, B. Karlberg, Anal. Solubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol Features & Benefits Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMO Extremely low vapor pressure USP Grade European Pharma Grade Drug master file available upon request Applications trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream [32], Hydroquinone is thought to be the active toxin in Agaricus hondensis mushrooms. Can be destroyed by oxidizing it with an oxidizing mixture. Treatment with hydroquinone interferes with the action of tyrosinase, which is an enzyme used in the synthesis of melanin, and compositions are sold across the counter at about 2% hydroquinone and by prescription at higher concentrations. The information given is designed only as a guide for safe handling and use. Correspondence to Eastman Hydroquinone, USP, meets or exceeds the requirements of the United States Pharmacopoeia and is produced under conditions of current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). Preferably, the protected retinoid, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), is in the form of small beads or spheres suitable for incorporation into a topical composition. ADS 0000085850 00000 n 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This complex dissolves in hot water, where the two molecules dissociate in solution. Retinoids are included in the invention from about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. Unfortunately, retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) also have discoloration problems due to oxidation. It exerts a depigmenting effect on skin of mammals by increasing the excretion of melanin from the melanocytes. A further embodiment of the invention includes a method for stabilizing a hydroquinone composition (with about 1% to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably about 2% to about 10%, more preferably about 2% to about 8%, and most preferably about 3% to about 4%) with a neutral pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, by adding a water-soluble antioxidant, preferably sulfite, including but not limited to sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, their salts and their derivatives, most preferably sodium metabisulfite, and a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. Hydroquinone (C 6 H 4 (OH) 2), also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound, with a variety of uses in chemistry. However, a problem with a formulation containing both retinoids and hydroquinone has been their incompatible pH ranges. 20, 14331442 (1986), G. Wienke, J. Gmehling, Toxicol. Hydroquinone occurs as fine, white needles. 43, 13111316 (2007), J. Qing-Zhu, M. Pei-Sheng, Z. Huan, X. Shu-Qian, W. Qiang, Q. Yan, Fluid Phase Equilib. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley.It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners. F. Whler (1844) "Untersuchungen ber das Chinon" (Investigations of quinone). The preferred form of protected retinol is manufactured by SunSmart (also known as Particle Sciences, Inc. of Bethlehem, PA) under the brand name of SunCaps A-1283. hydroquinone, 1,4-benzenediol, quinol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, p-benzenediol, 4-hydroxyphenol, p-hydroquinone, p-hydroxyphenol, p-dihydroxybenzene, benzoquinol, Electrophoresis, Western Blotting and ELISA, Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Reagents, Laboratory Syringe Needles and Accessories, Lab Coats, Aprons, and Other Safety Apparel, Sharps Disposal Containers and Accessories, Classroom Laboratory Supplies and Consumables, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Assay and Arrays Search Tool, Applied Biosystems TaqMan Custom Assay Design Tools, Applied Biosystems Custom qPCR Primers and TaqMan Probes Tool, Chemical Storage and Management Resource Center, Solubility in water: 70g/L in water (20C). Fill out the form below, and we will send you the document as soon as we can! Compositions according to this invention may include additives or components to enhance the skin penetration of its ingredients. NR 1L~tyj|ZZ3]jFlszH#bd]="nVj =rBF-=Y?Pe 3(\[3;wR-+7Fn ~pSQ(Rpiw^zYr''t@\vobE]u'C}io0q;^k5C@|zZNNA>,XOrztV;qO*w:MC$OI\_$Io 'v [ Free format text: Approximate Solubilities of USP and NF Articles, methanol, 13; ethyl acetate, >10,000; hexanes, >10,000, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 1; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 1, boiling alcohol, 50; boiling chloroform, 80; acetone at 50, methanol, 3; isopropanol, 69; benzene, 2500; petroleum ether, 5000, dimethylformamide, 10; 10 N sodium hydroxide, 3.5, dimethylacetamide, 2; dimethylformamide, 3.5; dimethylsulfoxide, 3.5, 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 2500; 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, 100, isopropyl alcohol, 4; propylene glycol, 9; methanol, 5.3, isopropyl alcohol, 1408; propylene glycol, 119; methanol, 75, alcohol solution (1 in 2), 2; diethylphthalate, <1; benzyl benzoate, <1, acetone, 100; methanol, 1000; 0.1 N hydrochloride acid, >1000, absolute alcohol, 8; methanol, 8; propylene glycol, 19, pyridine, 10; methanol, 71; acetone, 130; methylene chloride, 286; toluene, 2000; dioxane, 2000, carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely), carbon disulfide, 2 (slowly and usually incompletely) olive oil, 100, methylenedichloride, 43; 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 100. Examples of suitable methods of encapsulation include encapsulation by liposomes, wax, paraffin or any material or combination of materials which protect the retinoid from exposure to oxygen and inhibit oxidation of the retinoid from oxidation. Google Scholar, A.-C. Huang, Y.-K. Chuang, C.-F. Huang, C.-M. Shu, J. Therm. N')].uJr Read our Privacy Notice. Boucif Belhachemi. Compositions according to this invention may include dermatologically acceptable carriers. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742 Since hydroquinone has a tendency to discolor through oxidation, these antioxidants are used because they have greater tendencies to oxidize than hydroquinone. [24], Numerous studies have revealed that hydroquinone, if taken orally, can cause exogenous ochronosis, a disfiguring disease in which blue-black pigments are deposited onto the skin; however, skin preparations containing the ingredient are administered topically. The drug is freely soluble in water and in alcohol. wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 Why we like it: This affordable cream contains 2 percent hydroquinone, sunscreen, and costs around five dollars. HYDROQUINONE (hahy droh kwi NOHN) is applied to the the skin to lighten areas that have darkened. Re: How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. 330, 4851 (2012), A. Shalmashi, A. Eliassi, J. Chem. Int J Thermophys 42, 1 (2021). Variations in pH have proven to result in excessive discoloration ranging from brownish to black. Also in this embodiment is a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters, which further helps to maintain the acceptable color desired in the hydroquinone composition. Heat Mass Transf. This is a prescription-only ingredient in some countries, including the member states of the European Union under Directives 76/768/EEC:1976. Hydroquinone | C6H4(OH)2 or C6H6O2 | CID 785 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities . [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC([O-])=C(OP([O-])([O-])=O)C1=O, N1=CC(C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=C(SCCC2(C)C)C2=C1, C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C(C(=C3)C34CC5CC(CC(C5)C3)C4)OC)=CC=C21, CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C, disodium;2-[2-[carboxylatomethyl(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate, [Na+]. 250, 165172 (2006), F. L. Mota, A. J. Queimada, A. E. Andreatta, S. P. Pinho, E. A. Macedo, Fluid Phase Equilib. Sodium metabisulfite has the added advantage that it does not discolor by oxidation. Conversion factors (at 25 oc and normal atmospheric pressure) 1 ppm = 4.5 mg!m 3 374 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 376 /H [ 807 1414 ] /L 581425 /E 96582 /N 109 /T 573826 >> endobj xref 374 19 0000000016 00000 n