[1], The class was designed with a substantial secondary anti-aircraft armament of sixteen 1.1 in guns in quad mounts, later replaced by 40 mm anti-aircraft guns, and 6 20 mm rapid-fire anti-aircraft cannons. The 6" guns fired a 54.3kg (120 lb.) Intended to serve as destroyer flotilla leaders, four ‘Atlanta’ class light cruisers were authorised during the US Navy’s accelerated build-up in the period before World War II. The Atlanta-class design was also criticized for its shortage of gunfire directors for the main 5-inch gun battery, which reduced its effectiveness. They were medium size cruisers armed with 9-6" guns in three triple turrets, two forward and one aft. Atlanta shifted her main battery to fire at the enemy destroyer, opening fire at a range of about 1,600 yd (1,463 m) and, along with other US ships that concentrated on Akatsuki's searchlights, overwhelmed the destroyer. Board has some damage as seen. Atlanta operated in TF 64, along with Washington, San Francisco, Helena and two destroyers, as the opposing forces engaged in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on 26 October. In 1994, two Australian technical divers Rob Cason and Kevin Denlay travelled to Solomon Islands with the intention of being the first scuba divers to dive Atlanta but this was unsuccessful because of the lack of a suitable surface support vessel and strong surface currents; this was also the first mixed gas scuba diving expedition to Guadalcanal. The “Dido” class is a failed attempt to reconcile anti-aircraft and anti-ship capabilities to respond to destroyers. Becoming part of TF 17 on 23 September, the light cruiser was detached the following day to proceed in company with Washington, Walke and Benham to Tongatapu, which she reached on 26 September. [3], Atlanta was fitted with eight twin 5-inch gun mounts, placed in a unique configuration. Though almost all of the shells passed through the thin skin of the ship without detonating, scattering green dye, fragments from their impact killed many men, including Admiral Scott and members of his staff. Captain Jenkins later reported that his ship may have shot down five of the attackers. Assigned then to Rear Admiral Willis A. Lee's TF 64, the ship sailed after dark that same day to resume operations covering the ongoing efforts to secure Guadalcanal. However, on the final expedition that year, the then deepest wreck dive by a woman was made by Kevin's wife, Mirja, on Atlanta. Anchoring at Nukuʻalofa, Tonga on 24 July, where she fueled Maury and then took on fuel from Mobilube, the light cruiser pushed on later the same day and overtook TF 16. [citation needed] Despite being under-armored for light cruisers, they had thicker armor than destroyers, which were notoriously underprotected. When? [3], Helena's radar picked up the first contact at a range of 26,000 yd (13 nmi). In addition, the aft battery also had one "wing-mounted" mount on each side, for a total of 16 five-inch guns. hours. Oakland was launched with eight Bofors 40 mm guns and sixteen 20 mm anti-aircraft cannons. The firing arcs of the forward and aft batteries intersected at a very limited angle, giving her an arc of 60° in which she could fire all of her guns broadside (excluding the wing mounts). Juneau opened fire at 1412. [5][6], All eight ships in this class served during World War II, and six ships survived the war. In the late 1930s, the U.S. and Royal navies built small cruisers armed with dual-purpose guns: … [4] It should be noted, however, that both of these vessels received their fatal blows from Japanese torpedoes, and gunfire from larger, more heavily armed ships. Japanese planes twice hit TF 17, and it took the brunt of the enemy attacks. Although not designed for surface combat against heavy units, both Atlanta and Juneau were desperately thrown into the First Battle of Guadalcanal. More of these weapons were added as the war progressed to counter the danger of Japanese air attacks (especially kamikazes). [3], Throughout the day on 24 August, Atlanta received enemy contact reports and screened Enterprise as she launched a strike group to attack the Japanese carriers. [3], The abrupt end of the air attack gave Atlanta and her colleagues only a brief respite, however, for trouble approached from yet another quarter. A Japanese surface force, made up of two battleships, one cruiser and six destroyers, was detected steaming south toward Guadalcanal to shell Henderson Field. However, they did manage to dive one of the two other, deepest diveable wrecks; the Japanese transport Azumasan Maru, which is almost 90 m (295 ft) deep at the stern and Sasako Maru, which Denlay dived in 1995 at over 90 m (295 ft) in the collapsed debris field of the bridge. The ships of the Atlanta-class had thin armor: a maximum of 3.5 in (88.9 mm) on their sides, with the captain's bridge and the 5-inch gun mounts being protected by only 1.25 in (31.75 mm). [3], Atlanta reached Kukum about 14:00, at which point Captain Jenkins conferred with his remaining officers. Atlanta was heavily damaged by Japanese and friendly gunfire in a night surface action on 13 November 1942 during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. Provoking no return fire, TG 64.2 accomplished its mission and returned to Lunga Point, where Atlanta disembarked the liaison officers. World War II is a good place to begin a study of ship-design success, mediocrity, and failure. Comparing different navies that had similar outlooks—the U.S. Navy and the Royal Navy—highlights this fact. The USN first AA cruisers (1941) [4], After the war, the six surviving ships in this class were decommissioned between 1947 and 1949 and placed in the reserve fleet. [2], The ships were originally designed for 26 officers and 523 men, but this increased to 35 officers and 638 men with the first four ships, and 45 officers and 766 men with the second group of four ships beginning with Oakland. World of Warships - USS Atlanta … During the war both technology and the art of naval warfare changed at a breakneck pace. The Baltimore-class cruisers were a large class of heavy cruisers in the United States Navy commissioned during and shortly after World War II. That day, Atlanta patrolled astern of the fueling group supporting the two American carrier task forces. [3], On 15 July 1942, Atlanta, again in TF 16, sailed for Tongatapu. TG 67.4 departed Lunga Point about 1800 and steamed eastward through Sealark Channel, covering the withdrawal of TG 67.1. Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945 Vintage 1/500 scale original teacher ID recognition model USS Atlanta Class Cruiser by Comet. 16 × 5 in (127 mm)/38 cal guns Even had sufficient salvage facilities been available, he allowed, the severe damage she had taken would have made it difficult to save the ship. [3] San Francisco's shells, which passed high through Atlanta's superstructure, may have been intended for a Japanese target further beyond her from San Francisco's perspective. Revell USS San Juan WWII ATLANTA class cruiser #05030 1/700 Model kit. [8], After the 8-inch (203 mm) fire ceased, Atlanta's Captain Jenkins took stock of the situation, and, having only a minor foot wound, made his way aft to Battle II. Over the days that followed, she screened the carriers as they operated northeast of Midway in anticipation of the enemy's arrival. The "bogeys", 27 Mitsubishi G4M "Bettys" from Rabaul, closed, sighted bearing west by north, approaching from over Cape Esperance in a very loose "V" formation. [3], Reporting to TF 11 for duty the following day, Atlanta operated with that force, redesignated TF 61 on 30 August, over the next few days. With the enemy reported to the northwest, Enterprise and Saratoga launched search and attack planes, but they failed to make contact because of deteriorating weather and the fact that the Japanese, knowing that they had been spotted, reversed course. It looks complete with all the parts, average paint wear, and it need to be cleaned. The three auxiliaries returned to the waters off Lunga Point as soon as the attack ended and resumed working cargo and disembarking troops. Finding none, she ultimately reached Pearl Harbor on 23 April. At about 0920, Atlanta led the three auxiliaries to the north in column, with the destroyers spaced in a circle around them. [3] Atlanta was not damaged in the engagement. Seems like a wood hull with metal fittings. [citation needed], After fitting out, Atlanta conducted shakedown training until 13 March 1942, first in Chesapeake Bay and then in Maine's Casco Bay, after which she returned to the New York Navy Yard for post-shakedown repairs and alterations. The ‘Atlanta’ class ships with 5-in (127-mm) guns were the middleweights of the type, saw widespread service in World War II and were built in larger numbers. [3], Two days later, with a Japanese Army offensive having failed to eject the Americans from Guadalcanal, Admiral Yamamoto sent the Combined Fleet south in an attempt to annihilate the American naval forces doggedly supporting the marines. One "Betty", crippled by antiaircraft fire, crashed into the after superstructure of San Francisco, inflicting the only damage on the force. Fast and heavily armed, the Baltimore cruisers were mainly used in World War II … After transiting the isthmian waterway, Atlanta then cleared Balboa on 12 April with orders to reconnoiter Clipperton Island, a tiny barren, uninhabited atoll about 670 mi (1,080 km) southwest of Acapulco, Mexico, in the course of her voyage to the Hawaiian Islands, for any signs of enemy activity. hour. The Larger size of the Des Moines class is evident, especially her larger turrets. [3], The wreck of USS Atlanta was discovered in 1992 by an expedition led by Dr. Robert Ballard using a remotely operated underwater vehicle, (ROV). Meanwhile, Akatsuki drifted out of the action and soon sank with heavy loss of life. [3], Bobolink arrived at 09:30 on 13 November, took Atlanta under tow, made harder by the cruiser's still lowered anchor, and headed toward Lunga Point. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 13 January 1943. The Atlanta-class cruisers were eight United States Navy light cruisers designed as fast scout cruisers or flotilla leaders but that proved to be effective anti-aircraft cruisers during World War II.They were also known as the Atlanta-Oakland class.The four Oakland and later ships had slightly different armament as they were further optimized for anti-aircraft fire. The only two cruisers of the class that engaged in surface combat were sunk: the Atlanta and the Juneau. [2], The class was powered by four 665 psi boilers, connected to 2 geared steam turbines producing 75,000 hp (56 MW), and the ships could maintain a top speed of 33.6 knots (62 km/h). Authorized by Commander, South Pacific Forces, to act at his own discretion regarding the destruction of the ship, Jenkins ordered that Atlanta be abandoned and sunk with a demolition charge. As designed By mid-morning, all of those had been taken off the ship. She had three forward mounts and three aft mounts, mounted inline and increasing in height toward the midships, giving her a symmetrical appearance, with a "gap" in the middle superstructure. With the end of World War II, cruisers began to fade away, especially as guided missiles emerged and submarines became more of a threat. At about 1410, the Americans sighted the incoming raid, consisting of what appeared to be 25 twin-engined bombers ("Bettys") which broke up into two groups after clearing Florida Island, and came in at altitudes that ranged from 25 to 50 ft (8 to 15 m). Designed to provide anti-aircraft protection for US naval task groups, Atlanta served in this capacity in the naval battles Midway and the Eastern Solomons. Links to individual pages giving description, history, and photo. The Navy has 22 Ticonderoga-class cruisers (CG-52 through CG-73) in active service, as of the end of 2015. The Oakland and later ships had slightly different armament as they were further optimized for anti-aircraft fire. The "Bettys", for their part, ignored the ships and continued on to bomb Henderson Field. The American ships opened fire soon after, putting up a barrage that downed "several" planes. navsource.org. The Juneau-class cruisers were United States Navy light cruisers which were modified version of the Atlanta-class cruiser design. The Atlanta-class Light Cruiser was was in many ways, an extra big destroyer. At 0905, the task group received a report that nine bombers and 12 fighters were approaching from the northwest, and would reach their vicinity at about 0930. As the battle continued, the light cruiser's men began clearing debris, jettisoning topside weight to correct the list, reducing the volume of sea water in the ship, and succoring the many wounded. Squadrons from the American carriers sought out the Japanese, and during that day, planes from Yorktown and Enterprise inflicted mortal damage on four irreplaceable enemy aircraft carriers. USS Atlanta (CL-51) of the United States Navy was the lead ship of the Atlanta class of eight light cruisers. At 1637, with unidentified planes approaching, Atlanta went to 25 knots (29 mph; 46 km/h). [3], Despite the heavy antiaircraft fire, Enterprise took one hit and suffered some shrapnel damage from an estimated five near hits. 8 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes [3], Reaching her destination on 13 June, Atlanta, outside brief periods of antiaircraft practice on 21 and 25–26 June, remained in port, taking on stores and provisions and standing on 24-hour and then 48-hour alert into July 1942. Atlanta class light cruisers (1941) USA (1941-44) USS Atlanta, Juneau, San Diego, San Juan, Oakland, Reno, Flint, Tucson. Time left: 6d 11h . Adjudged to be "ready for distant service" on 31 March, the new cruiser departed New York for the Panama Canal Zone on 5 April. Although very formidable as anti-aircraft ships, the Atlanta-class cruisers did not fare well in surface combat. Fortunately, none of the primary targets of the attack, Zeilin, Libra and Betelgeuse, suffered more than minor damage from several close calls, though Zeilin sustained some flooding. But the Brooklyns defined a brand new standard in term of cruiser developement, paving the way for the future Clevelands, Whichita or Worcester, the most obvious part being the very specific straight hull and almost squared stem. The original main gun battery of the Atlanta-class was composed of eight dual 5 inch/38 caliber (127 mm) gun mounts (8x2 5-inch guns). [3] At about that time, at least one torpedo plowed into Atlanta's forward engine room from the port side, fired almost certainly by either Inazuma or Ikazuchi[5] (Akatsuki's destroyer consorts). USS Atlanta (CL-104) of the United States Navy was a Cleveland -class light cruiser during World War II. In the same year, Denlay returned with American Terrance Tysall and made the first successful scuba dive on USS Atlanta, which was at the time the deepest wreck dive by free swimming divers in the southern hemisphere. St. Louis class; Atlanta class; Succeeded by: Fargo class: In commission: 1942–79: Planned: 52: Completed: 27: Cancelled: 3 (9 converted to aircraft carriers, 13 reordered as Fargo class) Retired: 27: Preserved: 1 (converted to a Galveston-class guided missile cruiser) General characteristics ; Type: Light cruiser: Displacement: 11,744 long tons (11,932 t) (standard) 5"/38 cal. Atlanta, in some works, is designated CLAA-51 because of her primary armament as an anti-aircraft cruiser. With 8 dual 5 inch/38 caliber (127 mm) gun mounts (8x2 5-inch guns), the first run of Atlanta-class cruisers had by far the heaviest anti-aircraft armament of any cruiser of World War II. Atlanta, drifting toward the enemy-held shore east of Cape Esperance, dropped her starboard anchor, and her captain sent a message to Portland explaining the light cruiser's condition. When I-26 torpedoed Saratoga on 31 August, the light cruiser screened the stricken flagship as Minneapolis rigged a towline and began taking her out of danger. [3], Daylight revealed the presence nearby of three burning American destroyers, the disabled Portland, and the abandoned hulk of Yūdachi, which Portland summarily dispatched with three salvoes. Though the cruiser’s heyday has come and gone, there’s a chance they’ll make a comeback. Today, the United States Navy has the most cruisers with 22 Ticonderoga-class vessels in service. An hour before midnight, Callaghan's ships reversed course and headed westward. On trial the Atlanta made 33.67 knots (62 km/h) and 78,985 shp (58,899 kW). When the vessels were determined to be more valuable as protection against aircraft, the tracks were removed. Ultimately, at 20:15 on 13 November 1942, Atlanta sank 3 mi (5 km) west of Lunga Point in about 400 ft (120 m) of water. His ship was badly battered, largely powerless, down by the head and listing slightly to port, and a third of his crew was dead or missing. [3], On the morning of 28 October, Atlanta brought on board Rear Admiral Norman Scott from San Francisco, and became the flagship of the newly designated TG 64.2. shell a distance of 21,500 meters (23,292 yards). Deck: 1.25 in (31.75 mm). She then proceeded, in company with her screen, to Espiritu Santo, where she arrived on the afternoon of 31 October. Over the next 11 minutes, Atlanta's 5 in (127 mm), 1.1 in (27.9 mm) and 20 mm batteries contributed to the barrage over Enterprise, as the light cruiser conformed to Enterprise's every move as she maneuvered violently to avoid the dive bombers. The Atlanta-class cruisers were eight United States Navy light cruisers originally designed as fast scout cruisers or flotilla leaders, but later proved to be effective anti-aircraft cruisers during World War II. A little over an hour later, at 1050, Atlanta received word of another incoming Japanese air raid. The USS Juneau (CL-52) was also heavily damaged in surface combat in the same battle and then sunk by Japanese submarine I-26, on 13 November 1942. Returning briefly to Espiritu Santo for fuel, stores and provisions, the warship stood out from Segond Channel on the afternoon of 23 October. Nice looking cruiser. [7][8][9][10][11][12], List of cruisers of the United States Navy, United States naval ship classes of World War II, Friedman, Norman (1984). As the range closed, Atlanta's surface search radar, followed by her gunnery radars, picked up a contact on the enemy ships. "U.S. Cruisers: an illustrated design history". [3], Underway on 13 September, the light cruiser escorted Lassen and Hammondsport on 15 September. The sighting of an enemy "snooper" at 1328 sent Atlanta's sailors to general quarters, where they remained for the next 5½ hours. After seeing her charges safely to their destination at Dumbea Bay, Nouméa, on 19 September, Atlanta fueled, took on stores and ammunition, and sailed on 21 September as part of Task Group 66.4 (TG 66.4). For the next several days, she remained at sea, replenishing when necessary while the task force operated near the Solomons. After the charge had been set and exploded, the last men left the battered ship. The Atlanta-class cruisers were the only class of U.S. Navy cruisers commissioned during World War II to be armed with torpedoes tubes, with eight 21" torpedo tubes in two quad launchers. 16 × 20 mm/70 cal anti-aircraft cannons, Belt: 1.1-3.5 in (27-88.9 mm) USS Atlanta (CL-51) of the United States Navy was the lead ship of the Atlanta class of eight light cruisers. During the voyage, a "Betty" bomber neared the disposition, and one of the two surviving 5 in (127 mm) mounts—which was powered by a diesel generator—fired and drove it off. Atlanta Class War Records Atlanta was assigned to CruDiv 10 in the Atlantic as flagship on completion, then went to the Pacific for CruDiv 11, also as flagship. Mk.28 Mounts for Fast Battleships and early Atlanta class Cruisers, fixed trunnion (set of 10) for North Carolina class, South Dakota class, Iowa class and Atlanta class … [3], The Lost Ships of Guadalcanal by Robert Ballard and The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal: Night Action 13 November 1942 by James Grace, Entry for 12–13 November: First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on both, The Path From Guadalcanal by Michiharu Shinya and The Lost Ships of Guadalcanal by Robert Ballard, "US Cruisers List: US Light/Heavy/AntiAircraft Cruisers, Part 2", Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, http://www.combinedfleet.com/ikazuc_t.htm, http://www.combinedfleet.com/inazum_t.htm, http://www.combinedfleet.com/akatsu_t.htm, http://www.advanceddivermagazine.com/ezinefreearticles/Guadalcanal.pdf, http://www.divenewzealand.com/index.asp?s1=dive-articles&id=106, "Return to the USS Atlanta: Defender of Guadalcanal", U.S.S. 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